What is meant by "reasonable suspicion"?

"Reasonable suspicion" refers to a belief that is founded on specific, articulable facts that suggest a person may be involved in criminal activity. This standard is less than probable cause and is essential in the context of law enforcement, as it allows officers to briefly detain and investigate individuals based on observable behaviors or circumstances that raise questions about their actions.

For instance, if an officer notices someone loitering in a high-crime area at unusual hours, exhibiting behavior that matches known patterns of criminal activity, these specific observations can contribute to reasonable suspicion, justifying further inquiry.

In contrast, merely believing someone is guilty based on hearsay lacks the necessary evidential support. A general feeling of concern does not meet the legal threshold for taking action, as it must be grounded in concrete facts. Similarly, reasonable suspicion is distinct from the requirement of probable cause, which necessitates a higher level of certainty that a crime has been committed or is being committed.