Which amendment protects individuals from unreasonable searches and seizures?

The Fourth Amendment plays a crucial role in safeguarding individuals against unreasonable searches and seizures. This amendment establishes the right of people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, thus requiring law enforcement to have probable cause and, in most cases, a warrant issued by a judge before conducting searches. The underlying principle is to protect citizens' privacy and individual rights, ensuring that they are not subjected to arbitrary actions by government authorities.

In contrast, the Fifth Amendment primarily addresses issues related to due process, self-incrimination, and double jeopardy, while the Sixth Amendment deals with the rights of defendants in criminal prosecutions, including the right to a fair trial and legal counsel. The Second Amendment focuses on the right to keep and bear arms. Each of these amendments serves distinct purposes, but it is the Fourth Amendment that specifically addresses the protection against improper searches and invasions of privacy, making it the correct answer in this context.